Welcome

This website describes how, in the space of three centuries (ca. 500 - 200 BC), the Romans expanded their territory from Rome itself to embrace the whole of the Italian peninsular. My aim is to show:

• how Rome itself changed over this period;
• how it exercised its control over the captured peoples and their erstwhile territories;
• how some of the these incorporated communities adapted to life under Rome; and
• how Roman Italy continued to develop in the late Republic and theearly Empire.

I have arranged the vast amount of information into four strands, with links that allow easy cross-referencing between pages:

• Roman Expansion in Italy
• This is a succession of pages arranged in chronological order, which describe the phases in which the Romans extended their hegemony over the whole of peninsular Italy during the period from the early 5th to the late 3rd century BC.
• Incorporation of the Italians
• In these pages, I chart how the territory that came under Roman control in each of these phases was incorporated into the State as its boundaries extended inexorably to finally encompass the entire peninsular.
• Roman Italy
• This is a succession of pages arranged in chronological order that describe how Roman Italy developed in the period from the final expulsion of Hannibal’s army in 201 BC until the death of the Emperor Constantine in 337 AD.
• Developments at Rome
• In these pages, I analyse some of the changes that took place in Rome as its hegemony expanded across the peninsular and then around the Mediterranean.
• Bibliography
• These pages list the sources referred to in the text.

Back button in the footer still does not work for me

The line in the footer about copyright publishes for me as two lines, which looks odd

We could just remove it.